3.34

3.34 understand that the incidence of mutations can be increased by exposure to ionising radiation (for example gamma rays, X-rays and ultraviolet rays) and some chemical mutagens (for example chemicals in tobacco).

Causes of mutation: 1) Radiation – Ionising radiation like x-rays and UV rays (à skin cancer)

2) Chemicals – e.g. tars in tobacco à cancerous conditions

Mutagens: chemicals that cause mutations

Carcinogens: chemicals that cause mutations and cancer